Fernando III the Saint gained Baeza for the Castillian Crown in 1227.

Entering Baeza, visiting Baeza, is to move backwards in the past, to make a journey a lot of centuries ago because of its urban estructure, its churches, its houses, its squares… Baeza as a whole is a splendid collection of monuments with quiet streets and golden stones, where art and history have left the most beatiful signs.

As its origins are ancient -remains of an Argaric necropolis of the firstage of bronze- all the cultures, Iberians, Romans, Visigothics, Arabs, etc., have left their remains in Baeza. Under the roman empire "Biatia" recahed the status of a town, being governed by a "iudex" and became by the end of the 17th century, with the visigothic dominance, an episcopal centre. During the Arabic period "Bayassa" was the capital of a large region which extended from the Guadalquivir to Sierra Morena. It was the most important town in Jaén, after its capital, and a centre of commerce with its numerous bazars and markets.

When it was conquered at last by Fernando III the Saint in 1227, after having been taken and lost by Alfonso VII and Alfonso VIII, Baeza became the civil and religious capital of the High Guadalquivir until Jaén was conquered, playing an important role in all the reonquest of Al-Andalus, and this made it gain the surname of "Royal Nest of Hawks".

Nevertheless, the best times for Baeza were during the 16th and 17th centuries, as can be noticed in the increase of its population and its economy, with frequent surplus in agricultural, cattle and industrial production. Its culture was enjoying a good period, with the presence of such important mystics as San Juan de la Cruz or San Juan de Ávila in the city, as well as the creation of the University and monuments.

Some of the Prehistorical rests which have been found in Baeza.